国家大数据战略

大数据是以容量大、类型多、存取速度快、应用价值高为主要特征的数据集合。

2014年3月，大数据首次写入中国中央政府工作报告；2015年10月，中共十八届五中全会正式提出“实施国家大数据战略，推进数据资源开放共享”。这表明中国已将大数据视作战略资源并上升为国家战略，期望运用大数据推动经济发展、完善社会治理、提升政府服务和监管能力。

此举可以促使中国政府从“权威治理”向“数据治理”转变，促进政府与民众的沟通互联，提高政府应对各类事件和问题的智能化水平。同时，中国希望通过推行国家大数据战略，加快大数据发展核心技术研发及应用，重构国家综合竞争优势，赢得未来发展先机。

National big data strategy

Big data features huge capacity, diverse variables, speedy storage and retrieval, and high values in application.

Big data featured prominently in the Report on the Work of the Government delivered by Premier Li Keqiang in March 2014. At the Fifth Plenary Session of its 18th Central Committee held in October 2015, the CPC announced its plan to “execute a national big data strategy and promote opening and sharing of data resources.” This shows that China now sees big data as a strategic resource and has devised a national strategy for its utilization, aiming to boost economic growth, improve social governance, and reinforce government capability in service provision and scrutiny.

This move will enable the Chinese government to gravitate from “authority-based governance” to “data-based governance” – creating a higher level of interaction with the public – and enhance its ability to handle various incidents and problems with the aid of intelligence technology. In the course of this strategy China also aims to accelerate R&D in core technologies and apply the results in practice, thereby sharpening its competitive edge so as to seize and secure the initiative in future development.