健全宏观调控体系

宏观调控体系是政府为实现宏观经济调控目标，对宏观经济运行进行干预、调节和控制而综合运用各种政策和措施的总称。宏观调控体系主要包括计划、经济杠杆、经济法规和经济组织等调节体系。其主要职能是通过宏观调节，在全社会的范围内自觉保持国民经济积极、稳定、协调发展，提高社会经济效益。

改革开放40年间，在中国经济出现较大波动时，中国政府总能适时进行宏观调控，成功应对了短缺经济条件下投资消费双膨胀导致的经济过热和严重通货膨胀、有效需求不足导致的经济下滑和通货紧缩趋势、亚洲金融危机和国际金融危机等造成的严重冲击，以及重大疫情和严重自然灾害等重大突发事件，避免了经济大起大落，促进了经济持续健康发展。实践证明，科学的宏观调控、有效的政府治理，是发挥社会主义市场经济体制优势的内在要求。

党的十八大以来，中国的宏观调控体系正在逐步健全并经历一系列前所未有的重大变化。从2013年提出“增长速度换挡期”“结构调整阵痛期”“前期刺激政策的消化期”的“三期叠加”，到2014年适时做出我国经济发展进入新常态的重大判断，从2015年确立创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享五大新发展理念并形成推进供给侧结构性改革的重大决策，到2016年提出继续深化供给侧结构性改革，再到2017年党的十九大做出建设现代化经济体系的战略部署，中国正在按照新时代的要求，以转变发展方式、优化经济结构、转换增长动力，进而建设现代化经济体系的努力，建立并完善与供给侧结构性改革相匹配的宏观调控体系。

Improving the macro regulatory system

The macro regulatory system is a general term for the policies and measures a government takes to intervene, adjust and control macroeconomic performance to ensure various macroeconomic targets be achieved. The system is composed of such regulatory institutions of planning, economic leverage, economic laws and regulations, and economic organizations. Macro regulation helps maintain proactive, steady and coordinated growth of the economy, and enhance social and economic benefits.

During China's 40 years of reform and opening up, the government has applied timely macro regulation when big fluctuation occurred in the economy, thus effectively tackled the economic overheat and serious inflation as a result of swelling investment and consumption under scarcity economy, the economic decline and deflation tendency caused by insufficient demand, the adverse impacts of the Asian and international financial crises, and sudden incidents caused by grave epidemics and natural disasters. Macro regulation has helped China avoid radical changes and promoted healthy and sustained economic growth. Facts prove that sound macro regulation and effective governance are salient requirements to utilize the advantages of socialist market economy.

Since the 18th CPC National Congress, China's macro regulatory system has undergone improvement accompanied with unprecedented changes. This can be seen from a couple of terms popular during the course: the "shift of economic growth bracket," "throes of economic structural adjustment" and "digestion period of stimulant policies earlier" in 2013; the judgment of China's economic new normal in 2014; the new concept of innovative, coordinated, green and open development for the benefit of all and the decision to promote supply-side structural reform in 2015; the verdict on further supply-side structural reform in 2016; and the strategic decision to develop a modernized economy at the 19th CPC National Congress in 2017.

Given the conditions in the new era, China will develop a modernized economy by transforming the growth model, optimizing economic structure and changing the driving force, and build a sound macro regulatory system that matches its supply-side structural reform.