1. 用于本义
blind 意为“瞎的”,deaf 意为“聋的”,lame 意为“瘸的”,它们在用法上应注意:
(1) 通常不以相关部位(如 eye, ear, foot 等)作主语,而通常以“人”作主语(其后通常接介词 in)。如:
He is blind in both eyes. 他双目失明。
He is deaf in one ear. 他一只耳朵聋了。
The horse is lame in the left foot. 这匹马左脚是跛的。
有时用介词 of, 但较少见:He is deaf of one ear.
注意不能说:His eyes are blind. / His ears are deaf. / His legs are lame.
(2) 表示“变瞎”、“变聋”、“变瘸”等,通常用连系动词 go, become 等。如:
The old man has gone blind (deaf, lame). 这位老人眼睛变瞎(耳朵变聋,脚变瘸)了。
(3) 三者都可与定冠词连用,表示“瞎子”、“聋子”、“瘸子”等这一类人。若用作主语,谓语通常用复数。如:
He set up a school for the blind (the deaf, the lame). 他为盲人(耳聋者,脚瘸者)创办了一所学校。
Now the blind have books to read. 现在盲人也有书读。
(4) 形容一个很瞎,通常说他 as blind as a bat;形容一个人很聋,通常说他 as deaf as a post [stone, door-post, door-nail]。有时也有其它一些副词修饰。如:very [stone] deaf 很聋
2. 用于引申义
表示“对……视而不见或看不到”、“对……不肯听或充耳不闻”等,其后一般用介词 to。如:
He was blind to all arguments. 和他有理讲不通。
He was deaf to all advice. 他听不进任何劝告。
The boss sometimes turns a blind eye to smoking in theoffice. 老板有时对在办公室抽烟视而不见。
She turned a deaf ear to our warnings and got lost. 她对我们的警告充耳不闻,结果迷了路。
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